MVC Applications¶

在 Phalcon 中，所有复杂的MVC相关工作都是由 Phalcon\Mvc\Application 来完成的。该组件封装了所有复杂的后台操作，包括每一个组件的实例化，组件之间的集成等。

Single or Multi Module Applications¶

使用此组件，您可以运行不同类型的MVC结构：

Single Module¶

单MVC应用程序只包含一个module，可以使用命名空间，但不是必需的。这样的应用程序的文件结构如下：

single/
    app/
        controllers/
        models/
        views/
    public/
        css/
        img/
        js/

如果不使用命名空间，引导文件被用来协调MVC流程：

<?php

$loader = new \Phalcon\Loader();

$loader->registerDirs(
    array(
        '../apps/controllers/',
        '../apps/models/'
    )
)->register();

$di = new \Phalcon\DI\FactoryDefault();

// Registering the view component
$di->set('view', function() {
    $view = new \Phalcon\Mvc\View();
    $view->setViewsDir('../apps/views/');
    return $view;
});

try {
    $application = new \Phalcon\Mvc\Application();
    $application->setDI($di);
    echo $application->handle()->getContent();
} catch(Phalcon\Exception $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage();
}

如果使用命名空间，引导文件可以这样做：

<?php

$loader = new \Phalcon\Loader();

// Use autoloading with namespaces prefixes
$loader->registerNamespaces(
    array(
        'Single\Controllers' => '../apps/controllers/',
        'Single\Models'      => '../apps/models/',
    )
)->register();

$di = new \Phalcon\DI\FactoryDefault();

// Register the dispatcher setting a Namespace for controllers
// Pay special attention to the double slashes at the end of the
// parameter used in the setDefaultNamespace function
$di->set('dispatcher', function() {
    $dispatcher = new \Phalcon\Mvc\Dispatcher();
    $dispatcher->setDefaultNamespace('Single\Controllers\\');
    return $dispatcher;
});

// Registering the view component
$di->set('view', function() {
    $view = new \Phalcon\Mvc\View();
    $view->setViewsDir('../apps/views/');
    return $view;
});

try {
    $application = new \Phalcon\Mvc\Application();
    $application->setDI($di);
    echo $application->handle()->getContent();
} catch(Phalcon\Exception $e){
    echo $e->getMessage();
}

Multi Module¶

一个multi-module(多模块)的应用程序是指使用相同的Document Root，但有超过一个module。在这种情况下，程序的文件结构如下：

multiple/
  apps/
    frontend/
       controllers/
       models/
       views/
       Module.php
    backend/
       controllers/
       models/
       views/
       Module.php
  public/
    css/
    img/
    js/

在 apps/ 目录下的每个目录都有自己的MVC结构，Module.php是每个Module特定的设置：

<?php

namespace Multiple\Backend;

use Phalcon\Mvc\ModuleDefinitionInterface;

class Module implements ModuleDefinitionInterface
{

    /**
     * Register a specific autoloader for the module
     */
    public function registerAutoloaders()
    {

        $loader = new \Phalcon\Loader();

        $loader->registerNamespaces(
            array(
                'Multiple\Backend\Controllers' => '../apps/backend/controllers/',
                'Multiple\Backend\Models'      => '../apps/backend/models/',
            )
        );

        $loader->register();
    }

    /**
     * Register specific services for the module
     */
    public function registerServices($di)
    {

        //Registering a dispatcher
        $di->set('dispatcher', function() {
            $dispatcher = new \Phalcon\Mvc\Dispatcher();
            $dispatcher->setDefaultNamespace("Multiple\Backend\Controllers\\");
            return $dispatcher;
        });

        //Registering the view component
        $di->set('view', function() {
            $view = new \Phalcon\Mvc\View();
            $view->setViewsDir('../apps/backend/views/');
            return $view;
        });
    }

}

一个特殊的引导文件，用以载入 multi-module MVC 结构：

<?php

$di = new \Phalcon\DI\FactoryDefault();

//Specify routes for modules
$di->set('router', function () {

    $router = new \Phalcon\Mvc\Router();

    $router->setDefaultModule("frontend");

    $router->add(
        "/login",
        array(
            'module'     => 'backend',
            'controller' => 'login',
            'action'     => 'index',
        )
    );

    $router->add(
        "/admin/products/:action",
        array(
            'module'     => 'backend',
            'controller' => 'products',
            'action'     => 1,
        )
    );

    $router->add(
        "/products/:action",
        array(
            'controller' => 'products',
            'action'     => 1,
        )
    );

    return $router;

});

try {

    //Create an application
    $application = new \Phalcon\Mvc\Application();
    $application->setDI($di);

    // Register the installed modules
    $application->registerModules(
        array(
            'frontend' => array(
                'className' => 'Multiple\Frontend\Module',
                'path'      => '../apps/frontend/Module.php',
            ),
            'backend'  => array(
                'className' => 'Multiple\Backend\Module',
                'path'      => '../apps/backend/Module.php',
            )
        )
    );

    //Handle the request
    echo $application->handle()->getContent();

} catch(Phalcon\Exception $e){
    echo $e->getMessage();
}

如果你想把配置文件完全写入到引导文件，你可以使用一个匿名函数的方式来注册 Module :

<?php

//Creating a view component
$view = new \Phalcon\Mvc\View();

// Register the installed modules
$application->registerModules(
    array(
        'frontend' => function($di) use ($view) {
            $di->setShared('view', function() use ($view) {
                $view->setViewsDir('../apps/frontend/views/');
                return $view;
            });
        },
        'backend' => function($di) use ($view) {
            $di->setShared('view', function() use ($view) {
                $view->setViewsDir('../apps/frontend/views/');
                return $view;
            });
        }
    )
);

当 Phalcon\Mvc\Application Module注册后，每个匹配的route都必须返回一个有效的module。注册的module都有一个相关的类，用于设置module本身提供的功能。每个module类都必须实现 registerAutoloaders() 和 registerServices() 这两个方法，Phalcon\Mvc\Application 将调用它们执行要执行的module。

了解默认行为¶

如果你一直关注 tutorial 或使用 Phalcon Devtools 生成过代码，你可能会熟悉以下的引导文件：

<?php

try {

    // Register autoloaders
    //...

    // Register services
    //...

    // Handle the request
    $application = new \Phalcon\Mvc\Application();
    $application->setDI($di);
    echo $application->handle()->getContent();

} catch (\Phalcon\Exception $e) {
    echo "PhalconException: ", $e->getMessage();
}

所有控制器工作的核心是 handle()方法被调用：

<?php

echo $application->handle()->getContent();

如果您不希望使用 Phalcon\Mvc\Application ，上面的代码可以修改如下：

<?php

// Request the services from the services container
$router = $di->get('router');
$router->handle();

$view = $di->getShared('view');

$dispatcher = $di->get('dispatcher');

// Pass the proccessed router parameters to the dispatcher
$dispatcher->setControllerName($router->getControllerName());
$dispatcher->setActionName($router->getActionName());
$dispatcher->setParams($router->getParams());

// Start the view
$view->start();

// Dispatch the request
$dispatcher->dispatch();

// Render the related views
$view->render(
    $dispatcher->getControllerName(),
    $dispatcher->getActionName(),
    $dispatcher->getParams()
);

// Finish the view
$view->finish();

$response = $di->get('response');

// Pass the output of the view to the response
$response->setContent($view->getContent());

// Send the request headers
$response->sendHeaders();

// Print the response
echo $response->getContent();

尽管上面的代码显得比使用 Phalcon\Mvc\Application 罗唆，但它提供了一种替代bootstrap文件的方式。根据你的需要，你可能希望完全掌握哪些类应该被实例化，或使用自己的组件来扩展默认的功能。

Application Events¶

Phalcon\Mvc\Application 能够将事件发送到 EventsManager，事件管理器通过触发 “application”来实现，支持以下的事件：

Event Name	Triggered
beforeStartModule	Before initialize a module, only when modules are registered
afterStartModule	After initialize a module, only when modules are registered
beforeHandleRequest	Before execute the dispatch loop
afterHandleRequest	After execute the dispatch loop

下面的示例演示如何在此组件上添加监听器：

<?php

$eventsManager = new Phalcon\Events\Manager();

$application->setEventsManager($eventsManager);

$eventsManager->attach(
    "application",
    function($event, $application) {
        // ...
    }
);

Project Versions

Table Of Contents

Previous topic

Next topic

This Page

MVC Applications¶

Single or Multi Module Applications¶

Single Module¶

Multi Module¶

了解默认行为¶

Application Events¶

相关资源¶

Project Versions

Search

Table Of Contents

Previous topic

Next topic

This Page

MVC Applications¶

Single or Multi Module Applications¶

Single Module¶

Multi Module¶

了解默认行为¶

Application Events¶

相关资源¶